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- @096 CHAP 9
-
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- │ MAXIMIZING YOUR CASH FLOW │
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-
- Money is still the ultimate labor-saving device, and cash
- flow is the lifeblood of any business organization. Yet
- all too many small business operators are so concerned with
- other matters that they fail to pay proper attention to
- managing their cash resources properly.
-
- Good cash management can make a significant contribution to
- the competitiveness and profitability of your business.
- Poor cash management is one of the main causes of business
- failures, particularly among smaller firms. A cash short-
- age due to poor planning can set off a chain of disastrous
- consequences, even in a profitable business.
-
- Cash flow management has two aspects--projecting future
- cash flow and controlling and maximizing the cash availa-
- ble from operations at all times.
-
- (a) PROJECTING CASH FLOW. Projecting your business's near-
- term and long-term cash needs is a very crucial function.
- The purpose of making accurate cash flow projections fre-
- quently is to bring to your attention any point in the fu-
- ture where you may incur a cash shortage or deficit, so
- that you can take steps in advance to prevent that occur-
- rence, such as raising new capital, borrowing money, cut-
- ting prices to liquidate some inventory, cutting back on a
- planned expansion, etc. You may want to consult your ac-
- countant for assistance in setting up worksheets or com-
- puter spreadsheets to do regular projections. Your CPA may
- also have (or be able to recommend) computer programs for
- doing cash flow projections.
-
- (b) MAXIMIZING YOUR BUSINESS'S CASH FLOW. The following
- are a number of effective methods of maximizing cash flows
- for your business:
-
- . Bill your customers promptly. The later they receive
- a bill, the later you will collect for a particular
- sale, in general;
-
- . If you know that certain large customers must receive
- bills by certain days of the month in order for you
- to get paid that month, try to bill them before those
- deadlines if possible;
-
- . Deposit your cash receipts in the bank daily, if
- possible;
-
- . Keep close tabs on credit customers. Send them past
- due notices as soon as payments become overdue;
-
- . If you can do so without hurting business, add late
- charges to overdue accounts;
-
- . Never pay bills until just before they become due,
- unless there is a worthwhile discount for quick
- payment;
-
- . Try to keep inventories as lean as possible. Even
- if you occasionally lose a small sale because you
- are temporarily out of an item, you should be far
- ahead of the game by substantially reducing the
- amount of cash you have tied up in inventory;
-
- . Look for items in your inventory that are moving
- slowly or not at all. Consider slashing the price
- on those articles to convert them to cash and also
- to reduce the cost of storing them or taking up val-
- uable shelf space;
-
- . Consider leasing equipment items instead of buying;
-
- . Be sure that you are not paying more on your esti-
- mated income taxes than you have to. You may qual-
- ify under certain exceptions that will allow you to
- delay paying much of your tax for the year until the
- tax return is due, without incurring interest or late
- payment penalties. If you realize that you have al-
- ready overpaid corporate estimated income tax for
- the year, there is a procedure for obtaining a re-
- fund, by filing IRS Form 4466, prior to the time when
- you can file a return;
-
- . If your business has "net operating loss" for income
- tax purposes that can be carried back to prior years
- or a carryback of tax credits, a procedure exists
- for filing a claim for a quick refund of the prior
- years' taxes. Individuals file a Form 1045 while a
- "quickie" corporate carryback claim is filed on Form
- 1139. File either as early as you can, since the
- IRS does not pay interest on these refunds;
-
- . Instead of keeping all your business cash in a local
- bank account, consider putting a significant portion
- of your cash in an out-of-town money market-type ac-
- count that pays interest and allows you to write
- checks against the account. Since you will continue
- to earn interest on funds on deposit until the checks
- clear, consider using a fund in a distant part of the
- country, since (notwithstanding the electronic revo-
- lution) it will usually take longer for your checks
- to clear when you make payments to local firms if
- your money market fund is located 3000 miles away.
-
-